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1 construction and assembly works
стротельтно-монтажные работы ;Англо-Русский словарь финансовых терминов > construction and assembly works
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2 construction and assembly works
Строительство: строительно-монтажные работыУниверсальный англо-русский словарь > construction and assembly works
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3 construction
строительство ; стройка ; здание ; строение ; сооружение ; конструкция ; толкование ; исчисление ; построение ; ? construction and assembly works ; ? construction(al) engineering ; ? construction equipment ; ? construction expenses ; ? construction gang -
4 works
1. n pl работающие части механизма2. n pl шутл. машина3. n pl технические сооруженияpublic works — общественные работы; общественные сооружения
4. n pl строительные работы5. n pl воен. укрепления6. n употр. с гл. в ед. и мн. ч. завод, фабрика, мастерскиеСинонимический ряд:1. factories (noun) factories; mills; plants2. factory (noun) assembly plant; factory; foundry; industrial operations; manufactory; mill; plant; sawmill; steelworks; waterworks3. labours (noun) drudgeries; labours; moils; sweats; toils; travail4. pieces (noun) compositions; pieces; productions5. volumes (noun) operas; publications; titles; volumes6. working parts (noun) clockwork; gears; guts; innards; inner workings; insides; pistons; pulleys; working parts7. workmanship (noun) craftsmanship; workmanship8. works (noun) businesses; callings; employment; jobs; lines; occupations; pursuits; trades; vocations; works9. acts (verb) acts; behaves; performs; reacts; takes10. drives (verb) drives; fags; labors; labours; moils; strains; strives; sweats; tasks; taxes; toils; travails; tugs11. goes (verb) functions; goes; handles; operates; runs; uses12. kneads (verb) kneads; manipulates13. solves (verb) fixes; resolves; solves; work out; works; works out14. tends (verb) cultivates; cultures; dresses; tends; tills -
5 строительно-монтажные работы
1) General subject: shell and core works (объект таковых), building and assembly works2) Engineering: construction and erection work3) Construction: building and construction works, construction / installation activities, construction installation works, construction and assembly works4) Economy: building and installation works, construction and assembly work, construction and installation works6) Power engineering: СМР, civil construction and erection jobs, construction and installation jobs7) Business: building and assembly jobs, construction and erection works8) Sakhalin energy glossary: construction and assembly work (СМР, CAW), construction and installation activities9) Oilfield: construction and assembling operations10) Chemical weapons: building and assembling works, construction and installation11) oil&gas: construction and assembly operations, construction and installation operations, construction and installation work (АД), Civil and Structural, construction and assemble operations, civil and structural works12) Water supply: civil and installation worksУниверсальный русско-английский словарь > строительно-монтажные работы
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6 БМР
I скор. від будівельно-монтажні роботи II скор. від Банк міжнародних розрахунківBIS (скор. від Bank for International Settlements) -
7 building
строительство ; здание ; сооружение ; строение ; ? building and assembly works ; ? building and construction ; ? building contractor ; ? building costs ; ? building engineer ; ? building expenses ; ? building foreman ; ? building inspection ; ? building -
8 method
1) метод; способ; средство2) система; порядок3) технология4) методика•- method of applying liquid lubrication - method of calculation - method of column analogy - method of comparison - method of connecting - method of determining bending moments by fixed points - method of directions - method of elastic arch - method of elastic weights - method of electric needles - method of exchange of members - method of firing - method of fixed points - method of images - method of initial parameters - method of joints - method of least squares - method of least work - method of limit equilibrium - method of minimum strain energy - method of moments - method of movement - method of operation - method of payment - method of planning - method of production - method of redundant reactions - method of rotations - method of sections - method of separate joint displacement - method of slopes - method of stowage - method of strain measurement method - method of substitute redundant members - method of successive approximations - method of successive corrections - method of training - method of transportation - method of working - method of zero moment points - methods of network planning and control - ad hoc method - advertising method - aero-projection method - air-permeability method - airslide method - approximation method - arbitrary proportions method - area moment method - artificial islands method - ball method of testing - bench method - bidding methods - brush method of treatment timber - building methods - caisson method - cantilever method of design - cassette method of production of thin-slab structures - central mixing method - centre drift method - centrifuge method - centroidal method of design - change-in-stress method - chemical injection method - closed building method - column analogy method of design - compressed-air method of tunnelling - concrete testing method - cone method - construction works quality control method - core-drill method - correlation method - cut-and-cover method - cut-and-try method - cylinder method - deflection method - design methods - development method - dip method - dipping method of treatment timber - effective method - electrolytic method - emulsified-asphalt penetration method - energy method - equal load increments method - equal strain method - error method - fabrication method - fixing method - float and chains method - flow-line conveyer method - force method - graphical method - heading method of tunnelling - hot-air heating standpipe method - hot penetration method - hydraulic fill method - impact method - kinematic method - lacquer film method - land-assembly methods - lift-slab method - limit equilibrium method - limit stage design method - line production method - loading method - magnaflux method - mechanical method by pumps - membrane method of waterproofing - mixed-in-place method - mock-up methods of design - modular ratio method - moire fringe method - moment area method - moment-distribution method - moment-of-inertia method of designing - mud-jack method - mulch method - near end moment distribution method - neutral-points method - non-destructive testing methods - normal method - packing methods - patented method of construction - penetration method - percussive pneumatic method of riveting - photo-elastic method of stress-determination - photo-elasticity method - pilot method - pilot tunnel method - pin-and-string method - pipe-bridge method - plastic method of design - plastic theory method - polarized light method - portal method of design - pounding method of curing concrete - production line method of construction - qualitative methods - quantitative methods - relaxation method - ring-and-ball method - rolled-on method - safe method of heat insulation - safety methods - sampling method - sand-bearing method of testing clay pipes - sand-island method - scheduling method - seismic method of prospecting - simultaneous construction method - slope deflection method - spatial self-fixation erection method - statistical analysis method - stovepipe pipe-laying method - strain-energy method - successive construction method - surface-coating method of waterproofing - synthetic method of restoration - thixotropic liquid method - tilt-up method - top-heading method - transfiguration method - trial-load method - turnover method - ultimate-strength method - ultrasonic pulse velocity method - void method of proportioning - volume method of concrete mix design - volumetric method - water-jet method of pile-driving - weight method - well-point method of excavation - work method - working stress method of design* * *метод, способ; система; порядок; методика; технология- method of analysis
- method of application
- method of attack
- method of bearing and distances
- method of bipolar coordinates
- method of calculation
- method of design
- method of detail survey
- method of elastic weights
- method of electric needles
- method of expansion into series
- method of fixed points
- method of intersection
- method of joint isolation
- method of least work
- methods of manufacture
- method of minimum strain energy
- method of moment distribution
- method of radiation
- method of redistribution of pressure
- method of sections
- method of steam jet
- methods of structural analysis
- method of successive approximations
- methods of testing
- method of water needles
- accepted method of building
- accepted method of house construction
- accurate method of analysis
- adhesive nail-on method
- admittance method
- advanced methods of concreting
- advance slope method
- aggregate exposure method
- air permeability method
- alternate methods
- American method
- analytical method of determining reactions
- API method of pile design
- approximate method
- approximation method
- area method
- area-moment method
- assembly methods
- Austrian method
- autogenous curing method
- balanced cantilever method
- Belgian method
- Benoto method
- bentonite method
- Billner method
- "bin" method
- boiling water method
- boom placement concreting method
- bricklaying methods
- building method
- building block module method
- cable method of rock stressing
- calculation method
- cantilever method
- Chicago method
- circular-arc method
- Coast-Survey method
- collapse method of structural design
- combined finite strip-finite element method
- compaction methods of clays
- conjugate beam method
- consistency measurement method
- construction methods
- construction and erection methods
- contiguous pile method
- continuous-flight augers method
- continuous-sample method of advance
- convergence method
- critical method
- critical path method
- Cross moment distribution method
- Cross method
- cross-section method
- current design methods
- cut-and-cover method
- dampproofing methods
- displacement method
- displacement method of advance
- dual-rail method
- dummy unit-load method
- dust-spot method
- Dutch cone method
- earth pressure balanced tunneling method
- elastic center method
- elastic weights method
- electric analogy method
- electric resisting method
- energy method
- equal friction method of duct sizing
- equal friction method
- equivalent load method
- erection method
- fast track construction methods
- fatigue test method
- finite difference method
- finite element method
- finite strip method
- flight auger method
- flotation caisson method
- flue loss method
- folded plate method of analysis
- force method
- free cantilever method of construction
- general method of analysis
- Glotzl hydraulic cell method
- Gow method
- Hardy Cross method
- housing appraisal method
- in-duct method
- industrialized methods of construction
- iterative method
- jack method
- jacking method
- lacquer curtain coating method
- laser beam method
- leap-frog method
- limit equilibrium method
- limit state method
- listening methods
- load factor design method
- mandrel method
- mathematical method of design
- matrix method of structural analysis
- maturity method
- measuring method
- mixed-mode method
- mix-in-place method
- modern building methods
- modular ratio method
- moiré fringe method
- moment-balance method
- nondestructive methods of tests
- normal method of quality control
- null method
- numerical method
- one-rail method
- optical square method
- permissible stress method
- phototheodolite method
- plastic methods of structural analysis
- plate count method
- precast concrete manufacturing methods
- pressuremeter method
- proven construction methods
- p-y method of pile design
- rapid test method
- ratio method of balancing
- rebound hammer method
- reference point method
- relaxation method
- reproducible methods
- resistivity method
- resonant-frequency method
- reverberant field method
- Rockwell method of hardness testing
- safe method
- safe working methods
- secant interlocking pile method
- secant pile method
- seismic method of surveying
- seismic reflection method
- seismic refraction method
- semiprobabilistic design method
- shear transfer method
- shock response method of pile testing
- sliding-wedge method
- slope deflection method
- solar radiation method
- sonic method
- special method of quality control
- standard test method
- static regain method of duct sizing
- static regain method
- statistical design method
- step-by-step method
- strength design method
- strength evaluation method
- successive approximations method
- suspended cantilever method
- swamp shooting method
- Tagg method
- tangent modulus method
- test methods
- Theis method
- thixotropic liquid method
- three-point method
- tilt-up method
- time-saving method of construction
- TNO method of analysis
- TNO method of pile testing
- transit and stadia method
- tremie method
- truss analogy method
- turn-of-nut method
- ultrasonic pulse velocity method
- vacuum concrete method of bridge construction
- valveless pulse-jet method
- vane shear method
- velocity reduction method of duct sizing
- velocity reduction method
- vibratory method
- Vickers method of hardness testing
- volume method of measuring aggregates
- warm water method
- water fog spray method
- western bricklaying method
- western method
- working-stress design method -
9 cost
1) стоимость, цена; себестоимость2) расход; счёт3) ком. оценивать•- cost of certification - cost of civil engineering works - cost of delivery - cost of designing - cost of erection works - cost of loading - cost of maintenance - cost of materials - cost of operation - cost of price - cost of service - cost of starting-up and adjustment works - cost of survey and research works - cost of transportation - cost of upkeep - above cost - actual cost of construction - added value cost - agreed cost - assembly cost - calculation of cost - capitalized cost - capitalized total cost - construction cost - current cost - direct labour cost - erection cost - estimated cost - extra cost - fabricating cost - final cost - flat cost - initial cost - inspection cost - installation cost - insurance cost - labour costs - low cost construction - maintenance costs - mounting cost - operating costs - original cost - overhaul cost - overhead costs - prime cost - purification costs - repair cost - running cost - standard cost - testing cost - training cost - unit cost - water cost - working costscost and maintenance (C&M) — содержание и обслуживание (обозначение статуса здания или оборудования, которое показывает, что в настоящее время в силу определённых причин объект не используется, но сохраняется в хорошем состоянии и может быть быстро введён в эксплуатацию)
* * *стоимость; pl расходы, затраты, издержки- cost of accident
- actual project cost
- adjusted base cost
- amortization costs
- average cost per man-hour
- basic cost
- capital cost
- carrying costs
- construction cost
- current costs
- daily operating costs
- delivery cost
- design costs
- design construction cost
- direct costs
- direct operating costs
- estimated cost
- estimated project costs
- fabrication cost
- first costs
- forecasting cost
- indirect costs
- labor costs
- labor costs for individual work items
- labor cost per hour
- life-cycle costs
- maintenance costs
- marketing costs
- material costs
- operating costs
- overhead costs
- penalty cost
- planning costs
- prime cost
- project cost
- prorated costs
- restoration costs
- road operation cost
- running cost
- site cost
- storage costs
- structural costs
- target cost
- traffic operation cost
- unit cost
- utility costs
- wage costs
- working costs -
10 work
1) работа || работать2) действие; функционирование || действовать; функционировать3) обработка || обрабатывать4) заготовка; обрабатываемая деталь; обрабатываемое изделие5) мн. ч. завод; мастерские; фабрика6) мн. ч. инженерное сооружение; конструкция7) мн. ч. подвижные органы; действующие элементы (конструкции, механизма)10) изделие; продукция12) печать || печатать•to work out — 1. разрабатывать ( конструкцию) 2. улучшать ( характеристики) 3. вырабатывать ( решение);-
aerial work
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all-glass work
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appurtenant works
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art work
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assembly work
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batch work
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beach nourishment work
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black work
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block work
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boring work
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bright work
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broaching work
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brush work
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bundling work
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cabinet work
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carbonized work
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checker work
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chucking work
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cinematographic work
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classification work
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clerical work
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cold work
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color process work
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color work
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construction work
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contour-cutting work
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copying work
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creep feed work
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cutting area work
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desilting works
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development work
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diagrammatic work
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die work
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discharge works
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disposal works
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distributing works
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diversion works
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downhole wireline work
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drainage work
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dredging work
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dressing works
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drilling work
-
erecting work
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fascine work
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finishing work
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first operation work
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fish conservation works
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flood protection works
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floor work
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foundry work
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friction work
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glass work
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grinding work
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Gunite work
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hardened work
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head works
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heavy-duty work
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high-pressure outlet works
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hot-cold work
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hydraulic works
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integrated iron-and-steel works
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irrigation works
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jib-stick work
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jobbing work
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joggle work
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lathe work
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line work
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live-line work
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machine work
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maintenance work
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maritime works
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mat work
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measurement-based work
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mechanical work
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milling work
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neat work
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nonexacting work
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nonintegrated steel works
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office work
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one-coat work
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outlet works
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out-of-tolerance work
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overhead line work
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overtime work
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pallet-mounted work
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paper work
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patch work
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photographic work
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pit work
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pneumatic work
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pointed work
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point-to-point work
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pottery work
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precision work
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printing works
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prototype work
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pump works
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R and D work
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radiochemical works
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random work
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range work
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reclamation work
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reconnaissance work
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recoverable strain work
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rectification works
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recuperated work
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retaining work
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river-training work
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road work
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robot development work
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rose work
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roughing work
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rough work
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rustic work
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sanitary works
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scratch work
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semi-integrated works
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sewage works
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sheet metal work
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shunting work
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starting work
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steel works
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sunk work
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surface work
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survey work
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tender work
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thicknessing work
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three-coat work
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tool room work
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tool work
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treatment works
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two-coat work
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two-up or four-up, six-up work
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unattended work
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wagon works
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wastewater treatment works
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wiring work
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work of deformation -
11 work
1. n1) работа; труд; дело2) место работы; должность, занятие3) действие, функционирование4) изделие; изделия, продукция5) заготовка; обрабатываемое изделие6) pl завод, фабрика, мастерские7) pl инженерное сооружение
- actual work
- additional work
- adjustment work
- administrative work
- agency work
- agricultural work
- aircraft works
- ancillary work
- art work
- artistic work
- assembly work
- auditing work
- auxiliary work
- building works
- casual work
- civil work
- civil engineering works
- clerical work
- commercial work
- commission work
- commissioning work
- construction works
- contract work
- contractor's works
- daily work
- day work
- day-to-day work
- decorating work
- decoration work
- defective work
- design work
- double-shift work
- efficient work
- engineering work
- engineering works
- field work
- fine work
- finishing work
- full-capacity work
- full-time work
- future work
- hand work
- heavy engineering works
- high-class work
- highly mechanized work
- highly skilled work
- hired work
- incentive work
- installation work
- integrated works
- intellectual work
- iron and steel works
- joint work
- laboratory work
- labour-intensive work
- lorry works
- low-paid work
- machine work
- maintenance work
- maker's works
- managerial work
- manual work
- manufacturer's works
- mechanical work
- metallurgical works
- mounting work
- multishift work
- night work
- nonshift work
- office work
- one-shift work
- on-site work
- outdoor work
- outstanding work
- overtime work
- packing work
- paid work
- paper work
- partial work
- part-time work
- patent work
- permanent work
- piece work
- planned work
- planning work
- practical work
- preliminary work
- preparatory work
- productive work
- reconstruction work
- regular work
- remedial work
- repair work
- rescue work
- research work
- routine work
- rush work
- rythmical work
- salvage work
- satisfactory work
- scheduled work
- scientific work
- seasonal work
- second-shift work
- serial work
- service work
- shift work
- short-time work
- smooth work
- spare-time work
- stevedore work
- stevedoring work
- subcontract work
- subcontractor's works
- subsidiary work
- survey and research work
- task work
- team work
- temporary work
- testing work
- time work
- two-shift work
- unhealthy work
- unskilled work
- wage work
- well-paid work
- work according to the book
- work at normal working hours
- work at piece rates
- work at time rates
- work by contract
- work by hire
- work by the piece
- work by the rules
- work for hire
- work in process
- work in progress
- works of art
- work of development
- work of equipment
- work of an exhibition
- work on a contract
- work on a contractual basis
- work on hand
- work on a project
- work on schedule
- work on the site
- work under way
- ex works
- out of work
- fit for work
- unfit for work
- work done
- work performed
- accept work
- accomplish work
- alter work
- assess work
- be at work
- be behind with one's work
- begin work
- bill work
- be on short time work
- be thrown out of work
- carry out work
- cease work
- close down the works
- commence work
- complete work
- control work
- coordinate work
- correct work
- do work
- employ on work
- entrust with work
- evaluate work
- execute work
- expedite work
- finalize work
- finish work
- fulfil work
- get work
- get down to work
- give out work by contract
- go ahead with work
- hold up work
- improve work
- inspect work
- insure work
- interfere with work
- interrupt work
- leave off work
- look for work
- organize work
- pay for work
- perform work
- postpone work
- proceed with work
- provide work
- put off work
- rate work
- rectify defective work
- reject work
- remedy defective work
- resume work
- retire from work
- speed up work
- start work
- step up work
- stop work
- superintend work
- supervise work
- suspend work
- take over work
- take up work
- terminate work
- undertake work2. v1) работать2) действовать, функционировать3) обрабатывать
- work off
- work out
- work over
- work overtime
- work to rule
- work up -
12 travail
1. masculine nouna. ( = activité) le travail work• avoir du travail/beaucoup de travail to have some work/a lot of work to do• horaire/vêtements de travail work schedule/clothes• conditions/méthodes/groupe/déjeuner de travail working conditions/methods/group/lunch• à travail égal, salaire égal equal pay for equal work• améliorer la communication, c'est tout un travail ! improving communications is quite a task!• c'est un travail de spécialiste (difficile à faire) it's a job for a specialist ; (bien fait) it's the work of a specialist• travaux de recherche/de construction research/building work• « pendant les travaux, le magasin restera ouvert » "business as usual during alterations"• « attention ! travaux ! » "caution! work in progress!" ; (sur la route) "roadworks ahead!" (Brit) "roadwork ahead!" (US)• avoir un travail intéressant/lucratif to have an interesting/a highly paid job• travail d'équipe or en équipe team workd. ( = façonnage) [de bois, cuir, fer] working2. compounds► un travail de fourmi a long, painstaking job* * *
1.
pl - aux tʀavaj, o nom masculin1) ( contraire de repos) work2) (tâche faite, à faire) job; (ensemble des tâches, besogne) work [U]j'ai un travail fou — I'm up to my eyes in work, I've got a lot of work on
3) ( fait d'exercer un emploi) work; ( emploi rémunéré) work [U], job; ( lieu) work4) Économie, Sociologie (activité, population active) labour [BrE] [U]division du travail — division of labour [BrE]
5) ( résultat d'un fonctionnement) (de machine, d'organe) work [U]6) ( ouvrage érudit) work ( sur on)7) ( façonnage)le travail de — working with ou in [métal, bois, pierre]
apprendre le travail du bois/métal — to learn woodwork/metalwork
8) (technique, exécution) workmanship9) Physique work10) ( action) (d'eau, érosion) action (de of); fig (d'imagination, inconscient) workings (pl) (de of)11) ( altération) ( de vin) fermentation, working; ( de bois) warping12) Médecine ( pendant un accouchement) labour [BrE]
2.
travaux nom masculin pluriel1) ( en chantier) work [U]; ( sur une route) roadworks GB, roadwork [U] UStravaux de construction — construction work [U]
‘fermé pour travaux’ — ( sur une devanture) ‘closed for repairs ou alterations’
‘attention, travaux’ — gén ‘caution, work in progress’; ( sur une route) ‘caution, road under repair’
2) (recherche, études) work [U] ( sur on)3) ( débats) deliberationsles travaux agricoles/de la ferme — agricultural/farm work [U]
travaux de couture — needlework [U]
•Phrasal Verbs:* * *tʀavaj, o travaux pl1. nm1) (= activité, effort) workJ'ai beaucoup de travail. — I've got a lot of work.
C'est un travail épuisant. — It's exhausting work.
se mettre au travail — to start work, to get down to work
outils de travail — working tools, work tools
2) (= tâche spécifique) jobDonne-lui un travail facile. — Give him an easy job.
3) (= emploi, gagne-pain) job, work no plIl a un travail intéressant. — He's got an interesting job.
Il est sans travail depuis un an. — He has been out of work for a year.
4) (= lieu) workAu travail, je m'entends bien avec mes collègues. — I get on well with my colleagues at work.
5) ÉCONOMIE (= ressource, facteur) labour Grande-Bretagne labor USAla législation du travail — labour law, labour legislation
6) MÉDECINE (de l'accouchement) labour Grande-Bretagne labor USA7) (= façonnage)2. travaux nmpl(= chantier) (de réparation, agricoles) work, (sur route) roadworks, [construction] building work, building* * *I.A nm1 ( contraire de repos) work; le travail intellectuel intellectual work; le travail scolaire schoolwork; ça demande des mois de travail it requires months of work; se mettre au travail to get down to work, to start work; être en plein travail to be busy working;2 (tâche faite, à faire) job; (ensemble des tâches, besogne) work ¢; faire un travail to do a job; distribuer le travail to allocate jobs; ce n'est pas mon travail it's not my job; c'est un travail de professionnel ( à faire) it's a job for a professional; ( bien fait) it's a very professional job; c'est un travail d'homme it's man's work; commencer un travail to start a job; mener un travail de recherche to do research work; avoir du travail to have work to do; j'ai un travail fou I'm up to my eyes in work, I've got a lot of work on; les enfants, ça donne du travail, les enfants, c'est du travail children make a lot of work; les gros travaux the heavy work; s'occuper à de petits travaux to do little jobs; faire quelques travaux de jardinage to do a few gardening jobs; (félicitations) c'est du beau travail! aussi iron you've done a great job on that; qu'est-ce que c'est que ce travail? what do you call this?; et voilà le travail! that's that done!;3 ( fait d'exercer un emploi) work; ( emploi rémunéré) work ¢, job; ( lieu) work; ne me téléphone pas à mon travail don't call me at work; chercher du/un travail to look for work/a job; bien content d'avoir du/un travail glad to be in work/to have a job; être sans travail to be out of work; donner du travail à qn ( employer) to give sb a job; reprendre le travail to go back to work; cesser le travail to stop work; aller au travail to go to work; être au travail to be at work; que fais-tu comme travail? what do you do?, what's your job?; il ne fait que son travail he's only doing his job; le travail en usine/de bureau factory/office ou clerical work; le travail temporaire/à mi-temps temporary/part-time work; un travail à mi-temps a part-time job; le travail en équipe team work; le travail en équipes shiftwork; le travail de nuit nightwork; il a un travail de nuit he works nights; le travail indépendant freelance work, self-employment; conditions/semaine de travail working conditions/week; vivre de son travail to work for one's living; ⇒ salaire;4 Écon, Sociol (activité, population active) labourGB ¢; le capital et le travail capital and labourGB; organisation/division du travail organization/division of labourGB; force de travail workforce; entrer dans le monde du travail to enter the world of work; la psychologie du travail industrial psychology;5 ( résultat d'un fonctionnement) (de machine, d'organe) work ¢; le travail du cœur the work done by the heart; le travail musculaire muscular effort, the work done by the muscles;6 ( ouvrage érudit) work (sur on); publier un travail sur la Renaissance to publish a work on the Renaissance;7 ( façonnage) le travail de working with ou in [métal, bois, pierre]; le travail de l'ivoire est difficile working with ou in ivory is difficult; apprendre le travail du bois/métal to learn woodwork/metalwork;8 (technique, exécution) workmanship; un travail superbe a superb piece of workmanship; un coffret d'un beau travail a beautifully made box; une dentelle d'un travail délicat a delicate piece of lacework;10 ( action) (d'eau, érosion) action (de of); fig (d'imagination, inconscient) workings (pl) (de of); le travail du temps the work of time;12 Méd ( pendant accouchement) labourGB; entrer/être en travail to go into/be in labourGB; salle de travail labourGB ward.B travaux nmpl1 ( en chantier) work (sg); ( sur une route) roadworks GB, roadwork ¢ US; travaux de construction/réfection/soutènement construction/renovation/retaining work ¢; travaux de terrassement earthworks; travaux d'aménagement ( de bâtiment) alterations (de to), improvements (de to); ( d'un site) redevelopment ¢ (de of); ( d'une route) roadworks (de on); faire faire des travaux dans sa maison to have work done in one's house; nous sommes en plein travaux we're in the middle of having some work done; ‘fermé pour travaux’ ( sur une devanture) ‘closed for repairs ou alterations’; ‘attention, travaux’ gén ‘caution, work in progress’; ( sur une route) ‘caution, road under repair’;2 (recherche, études) work ¢ (sur on); publier le résultat de ses travaux to publish the results of one's work;3 ( débats) (d'assemblée, de commission) deliberations;4 ( opérations de même nature) les travaux agricoles/de la ferme agricultural/farm work; travaux de couture needlework.travail à la chaîne assembly-line work; travail clandestin work for which no earnings are declared; travail à domicile working at or from home; travail des enfants child labourGB; travail d'intérêt général Jur community service; travail manuel manual work; travail au noir○ gén work for which no earnings are declared; ( exercice d'un second emploi non déclaré) moonlighting; travail aux pièces piece work; travail posté shift work; travail de Romain Herculean task; travail de titan = travail de Romain; travaux d'aiguille needlework ¢; travaux des champs agricultural ou farm work ¢; travaux de dame fancywork ¢; travaux dirigés, TD Univ practical (sg); travaux forcés Jur hard labourGB (sg); fig slave labourGB ¢; travaux manuels Scol handicrafts; travaux ménagers housework ¢; travaux pratiques, TP Scol, Univ practical work ¢; ( en laboratoire) lab work ¢; travaux préparatoires Jur ( pour un texte de loi) preliminary documents; travaux publics, TP ( travail) civil engineering ¢; ( ouvrages) civil engineering works, public works; travaux routiers roadworks GB, roadwork ¢ US.II.I( pluriel travaux) [travaj, o] nom masculinA.[ACTION]1. [occupation]le travail de jour/nuit day/night workje finis le travail à cinq heures I stop ou finish work at fiveun travail de longue haleine a long-term work ou projectle travail posté ou par roulement shift workle travail manuel manual work ou laboura. [occasionnel] undeclared casual work, moonlightingb. [comme pratique généralisée] black economya. [généralement] temporary workb. [dans un bureau] temping2. [tâches imposées] work3. [tâche déterminée] jobfaire un travail de recherche/traduction to do a piece of research/a translationc'est un travail de bagnard ou forçat it's back-breaking work ou a back-breaking jobc'est un travail de Romain ou de Titan it's a colossal job4. [efforts] (hard) workil a encore du travail s'il veut devenir champion he's still got a lot of work to do if he wants to be champion5. [exécution] workon lui a confié les peintures et elle a fait du bon/mauvais travail she was responsible for doing the painting and she made a good/bad job of itje ne retrouve pas une seule disquette, qu'est-ce que c'est que ce travail? I can't find a single floppy disc, what's going on here?6. [façonnage] workingelle est attirée par le travail du bois/de la soie she's interested in working with wood/with silk[responsabilité] jobchercher du ou un travail to be job-hunting, to be looking for a jobsans travail unemployed, jobless, out of work8. [dans le système capitaliste] labour9. [contrainte exercée - par la chaleur, l'érosion] action10. PHYSIOLOGIE [accouchement] labourle travail n'est pas commencé/est commencé the patient has not yet gone/has gone into labour[activité] workréduire le travail du cœur/des reins to lighten the strain on the heart/on the kidneysB.[RÉSULTAT, EFFET]1. [écrit] piece2. [transformation - généralement] work[modification interne - dans le bois] warping ; [ - dans le fromage] maturing ; [ - dans le vin] workingtravaux nom masculin pluriel‘fermé pendant les travaux’ ‘closed for ou during alterations’‘attention, travaux’ ‘caution, work in progress’travaux domestiques ou ménagers houseworka. [généralement] arts and craftsa. [généralement] practical workb. [en laboratoire] lab work2. [d'une commission] work————————au travail locution adverbialese mettre au travail to get down ou to set to workallez, au travail! come on, get to work!————————de travail locution adjectivale1. [horaire, séance] working[vêtement, camarade, permis] work (modificateur)2. [d'accouchement - période] labour (modificateur) ; [ - salle] labour (modificateur), delivery (modificateur)————————du travail locution adjectivale[accident, sociologie, législation] industrial————————en travail adverbeentrer en travail to go into ou to start labourII -
13 introducir
v.1 to put in, to insert (meter) (llave, carta).introduzca su número secreto enter your PIN number2 to bring in, to introduce.una banda que introduce droga en el país a gang smuggling drugs into the countryElla introdujo la madera She introduced=inserted the wood.Ella introdujo a la nueva secretaria She introduced the new secretary.Ella introdujo la nueva técnica She introduced the new technique.Ella introdujo su nuevo producto She introduced her new product.Ella introdujo al plomero She introduced=ushered in the plumber.3 to enter, to type in.El chico introdujo los datos The boy entered=typed in the data.4 to slip in.5 to be inserted in, to be introduced in.Se te introduce una aguja A needle is inserted in you.* * *2 (meter) to put, place; (insertar) insert■ el domador introduce su cabeza en las fauces del león the lion tamer puts his head in the lion's mouth3 (importar) to bring in, import; (clandestinamente) to smuggle in1 (entrar) to go in, get in, enter\introducir modificaciones/novedades/cambios en algo to modify something, make changes to something* * *verb1) to introduce2) insert3) input, insert* * *1. VT1) (=meter)a) [+ mano, pie] to put, place (en in(to))[+ moneda, llave] to put, insert (en in(to))introdujo los pies en el agua — he put o placed his feet in(to) the water
introduzca la moneda/el disquete en la ranura — insert the coin/the diskette in(to) the slot
b) [+ enfermedad, mercancías] to bring (en into)introduce (en into) [+ contrabando, droga] to bring (en in(to))cualquier animal puede introducir la rabia en el país — any animal could bring o introduce rabies into the country
esa bebida hace ya años que se introdujo en España — that drink was introduced in Spain o was brought onto the Spanish market years ago
introducir algo en el mercado — to bring sth onto the market, introduce sth into the market
c)introducir a algn en — [+ habitación] to show sb into; [+ situación real] to introduce sb to; [+ situación irreal] to transport sb to
la novela nos introduce en el Egipto de Cleopatra — the novel takes us back to the Egypt of Cleopatra
2) (=empezar) [+ cultivo, ley, método] to introducepoco a poco se fueron introduciendo las tradiciones árabes — Arab traditions were gradually introduced
para introducir el tema, empezaré hablando de política exterior — to introduce the subject, I'll begin by discussing foreign policy
introducir la ley del divorcio causó muchos problemas — the introduction of the divorce law caused many problems, introducing the divorce law was very problematic
3) (=realizar) [+ medidas, reformas] to bring in, introducequieren introducir cambios en la legislación — they want to make changes to the current legislation, they want to introduce changes into the current legislation
las reformas se introducirán gradualmente a lo largo de los próximos tres años — the reforms will be phased in over the next three years, the reforms will be brought in o introduced gradually over the next three years
se deben introducir mejoras en el diseño del folleto — improvements need to be made to the pamphlet design
4) (Inform) [+ datos] to input, enter2.See:* * *1.verbo transitivo1) <llave/moneda> to insertintrodujo la papeleta en la urna — he put his ballot paper in o into the ballot box
2)a) <cambios/medidas/ley> to introduce, bring inintroducir un nuevo producto en el mercado — to introduce a new product into o bring a new product onto the market
b) <contrabando/drogas> to bring in, smuggle inun solo perro podría introducir la enfermedad en el país — a single dog could bring o introduce the disease into the country
3)a) (presentar, iniciar) to introduceb) < persona> ( a una actividad)c) ( en un ambiente)2.el escritor nos introduce en la Francia del siglo pasado — the writer takes us back to the France of the last century
introducirse v prona) ( meterse)b) persona to gain access tose introdujeron en el banco por un túnel — they gained access to o got into the bank via a tunnel
c) ( entrar en uso) modato come ind) ( hacerse conocido) to become known* * *= enter, feed, input, insert, introduce, key in, load into, put in, put into, read in, usher in, inaugurate, carry in, slip in between, roll out.Ex. Entry of an 'e' for end will bring back the screen shown in Figure 23 where you can make another choice or enter 'e' for end.Ex. The computer merely needs to be fed with the source documents and their citation, and with the appropriate software, will generate the indexes.Ex. Thus the electronic journal (e-journal) is a concept where scientists are able to input ideas and text to a computer data base for their colleagues to view, and similarly to view the work of others.Ex. Gaps are left in the apportionment of notation in order to permit new subjects to be inserted.Ex. The report introduced a range of ideas which have influenced subsequent code construction.Ex. The advantage is that information does not have to be keyed in.Ex. Multiple copies of the catalogue or index in the conventional sense are not required, but the data base can be copied and loaded into various computer systems.Ex. For those of you who are not familiar with OCLC and the way we work the data base is not a vast receptacle into which we throw any kind of record that anybody wants to put in.Ex. If the bibliographic record is found, it can be put into the system catalog immediately.Ex. Light pens can be used to read in data from bar codes on borrowers' cards, books, records, audio-visual materials.Ex. Optical technology has ushered in a new phase in the storage and retrieval of information.Ex. In the beginning staff delivered books to readers in their homes, while in 1972 a mobile library service was inaugurated enabling readers to choose their own materials.Ex. The first printing presses had two moving parts: the carriage assembly, which carried the type and paper in and out of the press, and the impression assembly, by means of which the paper was pressed down on to the inked type.Ex. At all periods, but uncommonly before the eighteenth century, the lines of type might be 'leaded', thin strips of typemetal, reglet, or card being slipped in between each one.Ex. I don't need to tell those of you from higher education institutions how course management systems are starting to really proliferate and roll out in higher education.----* introducir a golpes = hammer into.* introducir Algo/Alguien en = usher + Nombre + into.* introducir Algo en = take + Nombre + into.* introducir arrastrando = haul in.* introducir datos = key + data.* introducir datos en el ordenador = input.* introducir datos partiendo de cero = enter from + scratch.* introducir de contrabando = smuggle in.* introducir de nuevo = re-enter [reenter].* introducir en = merge into.* introducir escalonadamente = spiral.* introducir gradualmente = phase in.* introducir ilegalmente = smuggle in.* introducir información = provide + input.* introducir mediante el teclado = keyboard.* introducir mejoras = make + improvements.* introducir poco a poco a = filter through to.* introducir por primera vez = pioneer.* introducir progresivamente = spiral.* introducirse = creep (up) (in/into), enter into, make + Posesivo + way (into/onto).* introducirse completamente en = immerse + Reflexivo + in.* introducirse en = insinuate + Posesivo + way through, insinuate + Reflexivo + (into), insinuate into.* introducirse poco a poco = ease + Reflexivo + in.* introducirse sigilosamente = creep up on.* introducir tirando = haul in.* introducir un cambio = bring + change.* volver a introducir = re-enter [reenter], reintroduce, reinsert.* * *1.verbo transitivo1) <llave/moneda> to insertintrodujo la papeleta en la urna — he put his ballot paper in o into the ballot box
2)a) <cambios/medidas/ley> to introduce, bring inintroducir un nuevo producto en el mercado — to introduce a new product into o bring a new product onto the market
b) <contrabando/drogas> to bring in, smuggle inun solo perro podría introducir la enfermedad en el país — a single dog could bring o introduce the disease into the country
3)a) (presentar, iniciar) to introduceb) < persona> ( a una actividad)c) ( en un ambiente)2.el escritor nos introduce en la Francia del siglo pasado — the writer takes us back to the France of the last century
introducirse v prona) ( meterse)b) persona to gain access tose introdujeron en el banco por un túnel — they gained access to o got into the bank via a tunnel
c) ( entrar en uso) modato come ind) ( hacerse conocido) to become known* * *= enter, feed, input, insert, introduce, key in, load into, put in, put into, read in, usher in, inaugurate, carry in, slip in between, roll out.Ex: Entry of an 'e' for end will bring back the screen shown in Figure 23 where you can make another choice or enter 'e' for end.
Ex: The computer merely needs to be fed with the source documents and their citation, and with the appropriate software, will generate the indexes.Ex: Thus the electronic journal (e-journal) is a concept where scientists are able to input ideas and text to a computer data base for their colleagues to view, and similarly to view the work of others.Ex: Gaps are left in the apportionment of notation in order to permit new subjects to be inserted.Ex: The report introduced a range of ideas which have influenced subsequent code construction.Ex: The advantage is that information does not have to be keyed in.Ex: Multiple copies of the catalogue or index in the conventional sense are not required, but the data base can be copied and loaded into various computer systems.Ex: For those of you who are not familiar with OCLC and the way we work the data base is not a vast receptacle into which we throw any kind of record that anybody wants to put in.Ex: If the bibliographic record is found, it can be put into the system catalog immediately.Ex: Light pens can be used to read in data from bar codes on borrowers' cards, books, records, audio-visual materials.Ex: Optical technology has ushered in a new phase in the storage and retrieval of information.Ex: In the beginning staff delivered books to readers in their homes, while in 1972 a mobile library service was inaugurated enabling readers to choose their own materials.Ex: The first printing presses had two moving parts: the carriage assembly, which carried the type and paper in and out of the press, and the impression assembly, by means of which the paper was pressed down on to the inked type.Ex: At all periods, but uncommonly before the eighteenth century, the lines of type might be 'leaded', thin strips of typemetal, reglet, or card being slipped in between each one.Ex: I don't need to tell those of you from higher education institutions how course management systems are starting to really proliferate and roll out in higher education.* introducir a golpes = hammer into.* introducir Algo/Alguien en = usher + Nombre + into.* introducir Algo en = take + Nombre + into.* introducir arrastrando = haul in.* introducir datos = key + data.* introducir datos en el ordenador = input.* introducir datos partiendo de cero = enter from + scratch.* introducir de contrabando = smuggle in.* introducir de nuevo = re-enter [reenter].* introducir en = merge into.* introducir escalonadamente = spiral.* introducir gradualmente = phase in.* introducir ilegalmente = smuggle in.* introducir información = provide + input.* introducir mediante el teclado = keyboard.* introducir mejoras = make + improvements.* introducir poco a poco a = filter through to.* introducir por primera vez = pioneer.* introducir progresivamente = spiral.* introducirse = creep (up) (in/into), enter into, make + Posesivo + way (into/onto).* introducirse completamente en = immerse + Reflexivo + in.* introducirse en = insinuate + Posesivo + way through, insinuate + Reflexivo + (into), insinuate into.* introducirse poco a poco = ease + Reflexivo + in.* introducirse sigilosamente = creep up on.* introducir tirando = haul in.* introducir un cambio = bring + change.* volver a introducir = re-enter [reenter], reintroduce, reinsert.* * *introducir [I6 ]vtA (meter) introducir algo EN algo:introdujo la papeleta en la urna he put his ballot paper in o into the ballot box, he placed his ballot paper in the ballot boxintroducir la moneda en la ranura insert the coin in the slotintrodujo la llave en la cerradura he put o inserted the key in o into the lockintroducir un cuchillo en el centro del pastel insert a knife into the middle of the cakeB1 ‹cambios/medidas/ley› to introduce, bring in, institute ( frml) introducir algo EN algo:se introdujo una modificación en el reglamento a change was made in the rulesfue introducida en Europa en el siglo XVI it was introduced o brought into Europe in the 16th centuryquieren introducir un nuevo producto en el mercado they plan to introduce a new product into o bring a new product onto the market2 ‹contrabando/drogas› to bring in, smuggle inun solo perro podría introducir la enfermedad en el país a single dog could bring o introduce the disease into the countryC1 (presentar, iniciar) to introduceestas tres notas introducen el nuevo tema musical these three notes introduce the new theme2 ‹persona› (a una actividad) introducir a algn A algo to introduce sb TO sthfue él quien me introdujo a la lectura de los clásicos it was he who introduced me to the classics3 (en un ambiente) introducir a algn EN algo:su música nos introduce en un mundo mágico his music transports us to a magical worldel escritor nos introduce en la Francia del siglo pasado the writer takes us back to the France of the last century1(meterse): el agua se introducía por las ranuras the water was coming in o was seeping through the cracksla moneda rodó hasta introducirse por una grieta the coin rolled along and dropped down a crack2 «persona» to gain access tose introdujeron en el banco por un túnel they gained access to o got into the bank via a tunnel3«ideas/costumbres/moda»: introducirse EN algo: ideas foráneas que se introdujeron poco a poco en nuestra sociedad foreign ideas which gradually found their way into our societysu obra se introdujo en México a través de las traducciones de Sanz his works became known in Mexico through Sanz's translations* * *
introducir ( conjugate introducir) verbo transitivo
1 ( en general) to put … in;
‹ moneda› to insert;
introducir algo en algo to put sth into sth;
‹ moneda› to insert sth in sth
2
‹ producto› to introduce
3 ( presentar) ‹acto/cantante› to introduce
introducirse verbo pronominal
[ costumbre] to be introduced
introducir verbo transitivo
1 to introduce: su padre lo introdujo en la política, his father introduced him to politics
2 (meter) to insert, put in: introduzca una moneda, por favor, please insert coin
' introducir' also found in these entries:
Spanish:
deslizar
- embutir
- iniciar
- pasar
- sonda
- meter
English:
bring in
- dread
- feed
- input
- insert
- introduce
- jam in
- key in
- opportunity
- pack in
- phase
- promise
- put in
- stick in
- well
- work in
- bring
- float
* * *♦ vt1. [meter] [llave, carta] to put in, to insert;Informát [datos] to input, to enter;introdujo la moneda en la ranura she put o inserted the coin in the slot;introdujo la carta en el sobre he put the letter in the envelope;introduzca su número secreto enter your PIN number2. [conducir] [persona] to show in;introdujo a los visitantes en la sala de espera she showed the visitors into the waiting room3. [en película, novela] to introduce;en su última obra el autor introduce a dos nuevos personajes in his latest work the author introduces two new characters4. [medidas, ley] to introduce, to bring in;introdujeron un plan para combatir el desempleo they introduced o brought in a scheme to combat unemployment;piensan introducir cambios en la ley they are planning to make changes to the law5. [mercancías] to bring in, to introduce;los españoles introdujeron los caballos en América the Spanish introduced horses to America;una banda que introduce droga en el país a gang smuggling drugs into the country;fue él quien introdujo las ideas revolucionarias en el país it was he who introduced o brought revolutionary ideas to the countryla introdujo en el mundo de la moda he introduced her to the world of fashion;nos introdujo en los principios básicos de la astronomía he introduced us to the basic principles of astronomy* * *v/t1 introduce2 ( meter) insert3 INFOR input* * *introducir {61} vt1) : to introduce2) : to bring in3) : to insert4) : to input, to enter* * *introducir vb -
14 Merritt, William Hamilton
[br]b. 3 July 1793 Bedford, Winchester County, New York, USAd. 5 July 1862 aboard a vessel on the Cornwall Canal, Canada[br]American-born Canadian merchant, entrepreneur and promoter of the First and Second Welland Canals bypassing the Niagara Falls and linking Lakes Ontario and Erie.[br]Although he was born in the USA, his family moved to Canada in 1796. Educated in St Catharines and Niagara, he received a good training in mathematics, navigation and surveying. He served with distinction in the 1812–14 war, although he was captured by the Americans in 1814. After the war he established himself in business operating a sawmill, a flour mill, a small distillery, a potashery, a cooperage and a smithy, as well as running a general store. By 1818 he was one of the leading figures in the area and realized that for real economic progress it was essential to improve communications in the Niagara peninsula; in that year he surveyed a route for a waterway that would carry boats.In c. 1820 he began discussions with neighbouring landowners and businessmen, who, on 19 January 1824 together obtained a charter for building the first Welland Canal to link Lakes Ontario and Erie. They were greatly influenced by the realization that the completion of the Erie Canal would attract trade through the United States instead of through Canada. Construction began on 30 November 1824, largely with redundant labour from the Erie Canal. Merritt foresaw the need for financial support and for publicity to sustain interest in the project. Accordingly he started a newspaper, the Farmer's Journal and Welland Canal Intelligencer, which was published until 1835. He also visited York (now Toronto), the capital of Upper Canada, and obtained some support, but the Government was reluctant to assist financially. He was more successful in raising money in New York. Then in 1828 he visited England to see Telford and persuaded both Telford and the Duke of Wellington, among others, to purchase shares. The Canal opened on 30 November 1829. In 1832 Merritt became a member of the Legislative Assembly of Upper Canada, and after the Union of the Canadas in 1841 he was elected to the new Assembly, later serving as Minister of Public Works and then as President of the Assembly. He advocated improvements to the St Lawrence River and also promoted railways. He pioneered a bridge across the Niagara River that was opened in 1849 and later carried a railway. He was not a canal engineer, but he did pioneer communications in developing territory.[br]Further ReadingR.M.Styran and R.R.Taylor, 1988, The Welland Canals. The Growth of Mr Merritt'sDitch, Erin, Ont.: Boston Mills Press.JHBBiographical history of technology > Merritt, William Hamilton
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15 company
bulk petrol (transport) company — Бр. рота подвоза наливного (бестарного) горючего
Commando (oil gas extraction area) company — рота охраны и защиты (нефтегазовых промыслов), рота «команчо»
field company, RE — Бр. саперная рота
field survey company, RE — Бр. полевая топографическая рота инженерных войск
HQ company, US Army — штабная рота штаба СВ США
long-range (reconnaissance) patrol company — рота дальней [глубинной] разведки
special boat company, Royal Marines — Бр. особая [отдельная] рота десантных катеров МП
— AG's company— airborne infantry company— air-mission company light— commandos company— Rangers company— smoke generator company -
16 Brunel, Isambard Kingdom
SUBJECT AREA: Civil engineering, Land transport, Mechanical, pneumatic and hydraulic engineering, Ports and shipping, Public utilities, Railways and locomotives[br]b. 9 April 1806 Portsea, Hampshire, Englandd. 15 September 1859 18 Duke Street, St James's, London, England[br]English civil and mechanical engineer.[br]The son of Marc Isambard Brunel and Sophia Kingdom, he was educated at a private boarding-school in Hove. At the age of 14 he went to the College of Caen and then to the Lycée Henri-Quatre in Paris, after which he was apprenticed to Louis Breguet. In 1822 he returned from France and started working in his father's office, while spending much of his time at the works of Maudslay, Sons \& Field.From 1825 to 1828 he worked under his father on the construction of the latter's Thames Tunnel, occupying the position of Engineer-in-Charge, exhibiting great courage and presence of mind in the emergencies which occurred not infrequently. These culminated in January 1828 in the flooding of the tunnel and work was suspended for seven years. For the next five years the young engineer made abortive attempts to find a suitable outlet for his talents, but to little avail. Eventually, in 1831, his design for a suspension bridge over the River Avon at Clifton Gorge was accepted and he was appointed Engineer. (The bridge was eventually finished five years after Brunel's death, as a memorial to him, the delay being due to inadequate financing.) He next planned and supervised improvements to the Bristol docks. In March 1833 he was appointed Engineer of the Bristol Railway, later called the Great Western Railway. He immediately started to survey the route between London and Bristol that was completed by late August that year. On 5 July 1836 he married Mary Horsley and settled into 18 Duke Street, Westminster, London, where he also had his office. Work on the Bristol Railway started in 1836. The foundation stone of the Clifton Suspension Bridge was laid the same year. Whereas George Stephenson had based his standard railway gauge as 4 ft 8½ in (1.44 m), that or a similar gauge being usual for colliery wagonways in the Newcastle area, Brunel adopted the broader gauge of 7 ft (2.13 m). The first stretch of the line, from Paddington to Maidenhead, was opened to traffic on 4 June 1838, and the whole line from London to Bristol was opened in June 1841. The continuation of the line through to Exeter was completed and opened on 1 May 1844. The normal time for the 194-mile (312 km) run from Paddington to Exeter was 5 hours, at an average speed of 38.8 mph (62.4 km/h) including stops. The Great Western line included the Box Tunnel, the longest tunnel to that date at nearly two miles (3.2 km).Brunel was the engineer of most of the railways in the West Country, in South Wales and much of Southern Ireland. As railway networks developed, the frequent break of gauge became more of a problem and on 9 July 1845 a Royal Commission was appointed to look into it. In spite of comparative tests, run between Paddington-Didcot and Darlington-York, which showed in favour of Brunel's arrangement, the enquiry ruled in favour of the narrow gauge, 274 miles (441 km) of the former having been built against 1,901 miles (3,059 km) of the latter to that date. The Gauge Act of 1846 forbade the building of any further railways in Britain to any gauge other than 4 ft 8 1/2 in (1.44 m).The existence of long and severe gradients on the South Devon Railway led to Brunel's adoption of the atmospheric railway developed by Samuel Clegg and later by the Samuda brothers. In this a pipe of 9 in. (23 cm) or more in diameter was laid between the rails, along the top of which ran a continuous hinged flap of leather backed with iron. At intervals of about 3 miles (4.8 km) were pumping stations to exhaust the pipe. Much trouble was experienced with the flap valve and its lubrication—freezing of the leather in winter, the lubricant being sucked into the pipe or eaten by rats at other times—and the experiment was abandoned at considerable cost.Brunel is to be remembered for his two great West Country tubular bridges, the Chepstow and the Tamar Bridge at Saltash, with the latter opened in May 1859, having two main spans of 465 ft (142 m) and a central pier extending 80 ft (24 m) below high water mark and allowing 100 ft (30 m) of headroom above the same. His timber viaducts throughout Devon and Cornwall became a feature of the landscape. The line was extended ultimately to Penzance.As early as 1835 Brunel had the idea of extending the line westwards across the Atlantic from Bristol to New York by means of a steamship. In 1836 building commenced and the hull left Bristol in July 1837 for fitting out at Wapping. On 31 March 1838 the ship left again for Bristol but the boiler lagging caught fire and Brunel was injured in the subsequent confusion. On 8 April the ship set sail for New York (under steam), its rival, the 703-ton Sirius, having left four days earlier. The 1,340-ton Great Western arrived only a few hours after the Sirius. The hull was of wood, and was copper-sheathed. In 1838 Brunel planned a larger ship, some 3,000 tons, the Great Britain, which was to have an iron hull.The Great Britain was screwdriven and was launched on 19 July 1843,289 ft (88 m) long by 51 ft (15.5 m) at its widest. The ship's first voyage, from Liverpool to New York, began on 26 August 1845. In 1846 it ran aground in Dundrum Bay, County Down, and was later sold for use on the Australian run, on which it sailed no fewer than thirty-two times in twenty-three years, also serving as a troop-ship in the Crimean War. During this war, Brunel designed a 1,000-bed hospital which was shipped out to Renkioi ready for assembly and complete with shower-baths and vapour-baths with printed instructions on how to use them, beds and bedding and water closets with a supply of toilet paper! Brunel's last, largest and most extravagantly conceived ship was the Great Leviathan, eventually named The Great Eastern, which had a double-skinned iron hull, together with both paddles and screw propeller. Brunel designed the ship to carry sufficient coal for the round trip to Australia without refuelling, thus saving the need for and the cost of bunkering, as there were then few bunkering ports throughout the world. The ship's construction was started by John Scott Russell in his yard at Millwall on the Thames, but the building was completed by Brunel due to Russell's bankruptcy in 1856. The hull of the huge vessel was laid down so as to be launched sideways into the river and then to be floated on the tide. Brunel's plan for hydraulic launching gear had been turned down by the directors on the grounds of cost, an economy that proved false in the event. The sideways launch with over 4,000 tons of hydraulic power together with steam winches and floating tugs on the river took over two months, from 3 November 1857 until 13 January 1858. The ship was 680 ft (207 m) long, 83 ft (25 m) beam and 58 ft (18 m) deep; the screw was 24 ft (7.3 m) in diameter and paddles 60 ft (18.3 m) in diameter. Its displacement was 32,000 tons (32,500 tonnes).The strain of overwork and the huge responsibilities that lay on Brunel began to tell. He was diagnosed as suffering from Bright's disease, or nephritis, and spent the winter travelling in the Mediterranean and Egypt, returning to England in May 1859. On 5 September he suffered a stroke which left him partially paralysed, and he died ten days later at his Duke Street home.[br]Further ReadingL.T.C.Rolt, 1957, Isambard Kingdom Brunel, London: Longmans Green. J.Dugan, 1953, The Great Iron Ship, Hamish Hamilton.IMcNBiographical history of technology > Brunel, Isambard Kingdom
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17 конструкция
2) Computers: phrase3) Medicine: structure4) Engineering: arrangement, configuration, construction design, orbiter-based construction, palletizel configuration, project, specification, style, works, concept5) Construction: carcass, protected construction, fabric6) Railway term: carcase7) Law: (документа) structure8) Economy: assembly9) Architecture: spere11) Textile: construction (напр. станка), make (машины)12) Information technology: construct, phrase( синтаксическая)13) Immunology: construct( генно-инженерная) (векторная ДНК, несущая клонированные последовательности искомого гена)14) Sociology: composition, fixture15) Astronautics: airframe16) Metrology: design format, format17) Patents: embodiment19) Oilfield: type of construction (устройство машины, установки)20) Microelectronics: architecture21) Automation: engineering design, hardware22) Cables: aggregate23) Makarov: construct (особ. мысленная), construction (сооружение), design (инженерное решение), installation, structure (сооружение), system24) Research and development: constructional design -
18 pump
2) насос; помпа; накачивание; нагнетание; выкачивание; откачивание (процесс действия насоса); II качать насосом; нагнетать; работать насосом; закачивать (воздух и пр.); накачивать (шины и пр.); откачивать; выкачивать; опорожнять- pump adjustment screw - pump-and-accumulator station - pump and injector unit filter - pump and injector unit follower - pump and injector unit nut - pump and injector unit plunger - pump basket - pump beam - pump blade - pump block - pump body - pump bonnet - pump bowl - pump box - pump braking - pump bucket - pump capacity per revolution - pump cavitation - pump cell - pumping circuit - pump circulation - pump control console - pump cradle- pump cup- pump current - pumping current - pump diameter - pump discharge - pump discharge pressure - pump discharge valve - pump disk - pump displacement - pump distribution gear unit - pump-down - pump-down time - pump duty - pump element - pump end thrust - pump-fed rocket - pump filter - pump flow - pump outputflow - pump for gas transporting - pump for injection of mortar - pump frequency - pumping frequency - pump fuel feed - pump governor - pump gun - pump-handle - pump head - pump house - pump housing - pump injection - pump-injector - pump inlet - pump inlet capability - pump inlet pressure - pump installation - pump intake - pump intake pressure - pump jet propeller - pump jet propulsion system - pump-jet propulsion unit - pump jig - pump kettle - pump leak - pump lift - pump line - pump liner - pump-lubricated - pump lubrication - pump main - pump manifold - pump mechanized - pump mode - pump motor - pump-motor - pump-motor unit - pump noise - pump off - pump open sliding side door - pump out - pump output - pump output flow - pump over - pump performance - pump pipelining - pump piping - pump plunger - pump power end - pump pressure - pump price - pump priming - pump priming characteristic - pump pulsation damper - pump ram - pump rate - pump rating - pump recirculation system - pump riser - pump rod - pump rod joint - pump room - pump runner - pump screen - pump seat - pump seating - pump shaft - pump shell - pump slippage - pump specifications - pump speed - pump speed indicator - pump spindle - pump-starving filter condition - pump station - pump stock reserve - pump strainer - pump stripping - pump stroke counter - pump stroke rate - pump suction - pump suction head - pump suction line - pump suction tube - pump suction-valve cage - pump-system water cooling - pump thrust - pump thrust plate - pump traveling valve cage - pump turbine - pump-type circulation lubrication - pump unit - pump unloading - pump unloading hydraulic circuit - pump up - pump vacuum rating - pump volume - pump volume indicator - pump warm-up line - pump water feed - pumped water feed - pump wheel - pump with external bearing - pump with internal bearing - pump with overhung impeller - pump withdrawal - pump working barrel valve seat - pump works - adsorption pump - adsorption vacuum pump - aeration jet pump- air pump- air-driven pump - 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gear wheel pump - hand desoldering pump with antistatic teflon tip - hand-operated grouting pump - hand-priming pump - hand suction pump for battery liquid - hand vacuum-pressure pump for checking vacuum advance in conjunction and timing light - turbo wastengate control valve and etc. - heat pump - heated pump - helical rotor pump - high duty pump - high-flow pump - high-lift pump - high-low pressure pump - high-pressure pump - high-pressure fuel pump - high-vacuum pump - hot-oil pump - house service pump - impeller pump - in-line pump - in-line fuel injection pump - internal gear pump - internal spur gear pump - irrigating pump - jacketed pump- jet pump- jet vacuum pump - jury pump - kinetic pump - liquid jet pump - liquid-packed ring pump - liquid ring vacuum pump - liquid-sealed vacuum pump - lobular pump - low-lift pump - lubrication pump - main pump - make-up pump - manual pump - manual pump for injector testing - marine pump - mechanical pump - membrane pump - mine pump - monocylindrical fuel injection pump - motor pump - mud pump - multicellular pump - multicylinder pump - multicylinder fuel injection pump - multijet vacuum pump - multiple-piston pump - multiplunger pump - multiscrew pump- oil pump- oil-line pump - oil-refinery pump - oil scavenge pump - oil-sealed vacuum pump - oil suction pump - oil supply pump - oil-vapor vacuum pump - oscillating displacement pump - papermill pump - peripheral pump - peristaltic pump - port the pump - portable pump - positive-displacement pump - positive-displacement fuel pump - power-steering pump - power take-off mounted pump - precharge pump - press pump - pressure test pump - pressurizing pump - prime a pump - PTO-mounted pump - pulse-free pump - pusher pump - radial flow turbine pump - radial piston pump - radially split pump - rapid approach pump - rayon pump - reactor coolant pump - reciprocating pump - reciprocating fuel injection pump - reciprocating vacuum pump - recirculating pump - reciprocation pump - refrigerant pump - regulator pump - reversible pump - reversing pump - roller-cell pump - roller vane pump - roots vacuum pump - rotary pump - rotary air pump - rotary-displacement pump - rotary fuel injection pump - rotary gear pump - rotary lobe pump - rotary piston lobe-type pump - rotary plunger pump - rotary vane-type pump - rotodynamic pump - roughing-down pump - roughing vacuum pump - rough vacuum pump - sand pump - scavenge pump - scavenging pump - scoop pump - screw pump - scrum pump - self-bleeding pump - self-priming pump - self-purifying diffusion pump - semirotary pump - servo pump - service pump - sewage pump - sewage water pump - shallow well pump - side channel pump - side suction pump - simplex pump - single-acting pump - single-acting hand pump - single-acting piston pump - single-cylinder pump - single-stage pump - sinking pump - sliding vane pump - sliding vane rotary pump - slime pump - sludge pump - sluice pump - slush pump - small capacity pump - sorption pump - sorption vacuum pump - spur gear pump - sputter ion pump - stage chamber pump - stand-by pump - start a pump - stationary pump - stationary concrete pump - steam pump - steering pump - stripping pump - sublimation pump - sublimation vacuum pump - submerged pump - submersible pump - subsurface pump - sucking pump - suction pump - suds pump - supercharging pump - supply pump - surge pump - swash-plate pump - swash-plate operated pump - tank pump - tar-and-residuum pump - test pump - thermal pump - three-cylinder pump - three-screw pump - tire pump - truck-mounted concrete pump - torque flow pump - transfer pump - trim pump - triplex pump - triplex plunger pump - trochoid pump - turbine pump - turbine-driven pump - turn on a pump - tyre pump - twin pump - two-cylinder pump - two-screw pump - two-stage pump - two-volume pump - unbalanced pump - unit construction pump - V-type pump - V-type piston pump - vacuum pump - valveless pump - vane pump - vane-type pump - vapor jet pump - variable capacity pump - variable-delivery pump - variable displacement pump - variable speed pump - variable volume pump - vee fuel injection pump - volute pump - water pump - water-jet pump - well pump - wet-air pump - wet motor pump - wet-pit pump - wide-spray fire pump - windmill pump - windshield washer pump - wing pump - work a pump -
19 Corliss, George Henry
SUBJECT AREA: Steam and internal combustion engines[br]b. 2 June 1817 Easton, Washington City, New York, USAd. 21 February 1888 USA[br]American inventor of a cut-off mechanism linked to the governor which revolutionized the operation of steam engines.[br]Corliss's father was a physician and surgeon. The son was educated at Greenwich, New York, but while he showed an aptitude for mathematics and mechanics he first of all became a storekeeper and then clerk, bookkeeper, salesperson and official measurer and inspector of the cloth produced at W.Mowbray \& Son. He went to the Castleton Academy, Vermont, for three years and at the age of 21 returned to a store of his own in Greenwich. Complaints about stitching in the boots he sold led him to patent a sewing machine. He approached Fairbanks, Bancroft \& Co., Providence, Rhode Island, machine and steam engine builders, about producing his machine, but they agreed to take him on as a draughtsman providing he abandoned it. Corliss moved to Providence with his family and soon revolutionized the design and construction of steam engines. Although he started working out ideas for his engine in 1846 and completed one in 1848 for the Providence Dyeing, Bleaching and Calendering Company, it was not until March 1849 that he obtained a patent. By that time he had joined John Barstow and E.J.Nightingale to form a new company, Corliss Nightingale \& Co., to build his design of steam-engines. He used paired valves, two inlet and two exhaust, placed on opposite sides of the cylinder, which gave good thermal properties in the flow of steam. His wrist-plate operating mechanism gave quick opening and his trip mechanism allowed the governor to regulate the closure of the inlet valve, giving maximum expansion for any load. It has been claimed that Corliss should rank equally with James Watt in the development of the steam-engine. The new company bought land in Providence for a factory which was completed in 1856 when the Corliss Engine Company was incorporated. Corliss directed the business activities as well as technical improvements. He took out further patents modifying his valve gear in 1851, 1852, 1859, 1867, 1875, 1880. The business grew until well over 1,000 workers were employed. The cylindrical oscillating valve normally associated with the Corliss engine did not make its appearance until 1850 and was included in the 1859 patent. The impressive beam engine designed for the 1876 Centennial Exhibition by E. Reynolds was the product of Corliss's works. Corliss also patented gear-cutting machines, boilers, condensing apparatus and a pumping engine for waterworks. While having little interest in politics, he represented North Providence in the General Assembly of Rhode Island between 1868 and 1870.[br]Further ReadingMany obituaries appeared in engineering journals at the time of his death. Dictionary of American Biography, 1930, Vol. IV, New York: C.Scribner's Sons. R.L.Hills, 1989, Power from Steam. A History of the Stationary Steam Engine, Cambridge University Press (explains Corliss's development of his valve gear).J.L.Wood, 1980–1, "The introduction of the Corliss engine to Britain", Transactions of the Newcomen Society 52 (provides an account of the introduction of his valve gear to Britain).W.H.Uhland, 1879, Corliss Engines and Allied Steam-motors, London: E. \& F.N.Spon.RLH -
20 section
секция; отдел, отделение; расчет; участок; сечение; профиль; разрез; часть; звено; отсек; орудие; ( авиационный) отрядair movement (traffic) section — Бр. отделение воздушных перевозок
collection, identification and evacuation section — секция сбора, опознания и эвакуации раненых и убитых
works section, RE — Бр. инженерно-строительная секция
— ammunition supply section— cable-laying section— chemical warfare section— countermortar radar section— launching section— light armor section* * *• секция
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